Natural Wind-Driven Ultra-Compact And Highly Efficient Hybridized Nanogenerator For Self-Sustained Wireless Environmental Monitoring System

This paper reports an ultra-compact, highly efficient, miniaturized windmill hybridized nanogenerator (MW-HNG) based on three conversion mechanisms: TENG, PENG, and EMG. The 3D-printed, fully-enclosed structure is designed to harvest natural wind energy and is suitable for self-powered wireless environmental monitoring systems.

• Development of an ultra-compact windmill hybridized nanogenerator (MW-HNG).
• Integration of TENG, PENG, and EMG for multi-mechanism energy harvesting.
• High power output from low wind speeds.
• Demonstration of a self-powered wireless sensor system for real-time environmental monitoring.

The MW-HNG was designed with a 3D-printed structure housing TENG, PENG, and EMG units in a common rotation system. Its performance was evaluated at a wind speed of 6 m/s, and its ability to charge capacitors and power LEDs was tested. A self-powered wireless sensor system was developed and demonstrated.

At 6 m/s wind speed, the TENG, PENG, and EMG generated maximal powers of 1.67 mW, 1.38 mW, and 268.6 mW, respectively. The MW-HNG demonstrated quick charging and powered hundreds of LEDs. The self-powered wireless sensor system successfully monitored the environment in real-time.