A Hybrid Self-Powered Arbitrary Wave Motion Sensing System for Real-Time Wireless Marine Environment Monitoring Application

This paper presents an effective approach that simultaneously generates power from arbitrary motion waves and can sense and wirelessly transmit wave information without an external supply. The hybridized ellipsoidal device, inspired by the elliptical trajectory of objects over shallow water waves, consists of six planar spiral coils for power generation and four magnetic force-actuated TENGs as self-powered wave motion sensors.

• Development of a hybridized ellipsoidal device for simultaneous power generation and wave sensing.
• Integration of six planar spiral coils and four TENG pairs for arbitrary motion sensing.
• Realization of a self-sustained wireless marine environment monitoring system.
• High power generation along both major and minor axis motion directions.

An ellipsoidal device was designed with six planar spiral coils and four TENG pairs. The generator's performance was evaluated by its power output, while the self-powered sensors' signals were used to acquire information about water waves. The entire system, including signal processing and wireless transmission circuitry, is powered by the harvested energy.

The generator delivers peak powers of 106 mW and 44.8 mW along the major and minor axis motions, respectively. The self-powered sensors exhibit excellent motion sensitivity, providing crucial parameters for real-time monitoring of the marine environment wirelessly.